Omega-3 Research
Joint Health | Brighter
Mood | Heart Health | Kids
| Prenatal | Miscellaneous
Clin. Chim. Acta. 2006 Nov;373(1-2):1-8. Epub 2006 May 16.
Omega-3 fatty acid effects on biochemical indices following cancer surgery.
Stehr SN, Heller AR.
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01309 Dresden, Germany.
Epidemiological studies have indicated that a high intake of saturated fat and/or animal fat increases the risk of colon and breast cancer. Laboratory and clinical investigations have shown a reduced risk of colon carcinogenesis after alimentation with omega-3 fatty acids, as found in fish oil. Mechanisms accounting for these anti-tumor effects are reduced levels of PGE(2) and inducible NO synthase as well as an increased lipid peroxidation, or translation inhibition with subsequent cell cycle arrest. Further, omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid is capable of down-regulating the production and effect of a number of mediators of cachexia, such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha and proteolysis-inducing factor. In patients with advanced cancer, it is possible to increase energy and protein intake via an enteral or parenteral route, but this seems to have little impact on progressive weight loss. Fish oil administration improved patients' conditions in cancer cachexia and during radio- and chemotherapy. In patients undergoing tumor resection surgery we observed improvement of liver and pancreas biochemical indices when omega-3 fatty acids were administered. This paper is a review of recent developments in the field of nutrition in cancer patients with emphasis on the acute phase response following cancer surgery and the beneficial aspects of fish oil administration.
